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Adoption of Rice Varieties with Increased Heat-Stress Tolerance

Publication date July 25, 2018
Sector Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries
Region name Chugoku-Shikoku(Hiroshima Prefecture)

Adaptation activity

The quality of unmilled rice has recently been on the decline, which is considered to be a consequence of global warming. This has become a problem nationwide, and in Hiroshima Prefecture, the Hinohikari variety, which is grown at altitudes up to 100m above sea level, has been particularly affected. The more heat-stress resilient Koinoyokan variety is therefore being promoted as a possible alternative, which has similar growth cycle characteristics to hinohikari, and should be easy for farmers to switch to.

Koinoyokan has long top leaves that stand upright, which aids in photosynthesis, and the plant is relatively short with a stiff stalk that resist bending. In addition, the appearance of chalky immature grain is limited, even if ripening occurs due to particularly warm temperatures, and the rice retains its quality and flavor. The cultivation of Koinoyokan will be gradually expanded in southern parts of Hiroshima in order to replace Hinohikari.

(左)恋の予感、(右)ヒノヒカリ
Fig. 1 Unmilled Koinoyokan (left). Even if the rice ripens at warmer temperatures, there is less chalkiness compared to Hinohikari (right)
(Source: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO))
「恋の予感」の立毛の様子
Fig. 2 Koinoyokan stature
(Source: Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Technology Research Center, News, No. 117)
Source
Hiroshima Prefectural Inst. of Advanced Technology, "Fiscal 2014 Hiroshima Prefectural Inst. of Advanced Agricultural Technology Research Results"
https://www.pref.hiroshima.lg.jp/soshiki/30/seikajoho26.html
Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Technology Research Center, News, No. 117, published in January 2015
https://www.pref.hiroshima.lg.jp/uploaded/attachment/150808.pdf
Relevant information
Yamaguchi Prefecture Press Announcement (September 13, 2017) Concerning the Determination of Encouragement Varieties for Paddy Rice "Koinoyokan" and the Elimination of Encouragement Varieties for Wheat "Nishinokaoli" and Barley "Asakagold"
The National Institute of Agri, Food and Industrial Technology (Institute of Agri-Science) released a press release (September 4, 2014) "Developing a new seed "Koinoyokan" that is good quality at high temperatures and high-yielding paddy rice with good taste"
http://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/publicity_report/press/laboratory/warc/054028.html* "Koinoyokan" was developed by the National Agricultural Research Organization (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) under a contract project entitled "Development of Gramineous Crop Varieties and Strains Adapted to Climate Change (Climate Change Pro)" and other projects (2010-2014), and was registered as a variety in 2016. "Koinoyokan" is good and good in quality because there are few premature kernels even when ripening at high temperatures. In addition, the top leaves are long and upright, and they are grassy for photosynthesis. These are high-yield varieties that are low in length and difficult to collapse.
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries "2015 Global Warming Impact Survey Report"
http://www.maff.go.jp/j/seisan/kankyo/ondanka/attach/pdf/report-2.pdf
"Global Warming and Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries" by Agricultural Environment Change Research Center Global Warming Research Office, National Institute of Agriculture and Food Industry Technology (Agriculture and Research Institute)
https://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/org/niaes/ccaff/